Introduction

For landlords and property managers, commercial lease agreements are critical tools for maintaining control over the property and ensuring stable income. However, certain legal oversights during the negotiation process can expose landlords to unnecessary liability, reduce enforceability, or limit the long-term profitability of the asset. Below are five key legal pitfalls that landlords should avoid when negotiating commercial leases.

1. Insufficient Definition ofOperating Expenses
Vague or poorly drafted expense provisions can lead to disputes over whattenants are required to pay. A comprehensive lease should explicitly define allcategories of operating expenses, including property taxes, insurance,maintenance, and management fees. It should also specify how these expenseswill be allocated among tenants and how annual reconciliations will beconducted. Including expense caps, where necessary, should be limited andnegotiated carefully to preserve the landlord’s ability to recover rising costs.

2. Unclear Allocation of Maintenanceand Repairs
If maintenance and repair responsibilities are not clearly assigned, landlords may be left covering expenses that should have been the tenant’s obligation.The lease should distinguish between structural and non-structural elements and require tenants to maintain and repair systems serving their premises, such asHVAC units, plumbing, and interior finishes. Landlords should retain controlover core building systems and common areas, while limiting their liability fortenant-caused damage or deferred maintenance.

3. Weak Assignment and SublettingControls
Allowing unrestricted or loosely defined assignment and subletting rights canresult in unvetted or unsuitable occupants gaining access to the premises. Tomaintain control over property use and tenant mix, leases should require priorwritten landlord consent for all assignments and subleases. The standard forapproval should be discretionary and not limited to “reasonableness.”Additionally, landlords should reserve the right to condition approval onfactors such as creditworthiness, use compatibility, and payment of assignmentfees.

4. Inadequate Remedies for TenantDefault
Landlords must ensure the lease includes strong enforcement mechanisms if atenant fails to meet its obligations. Provisions should cover late fees,interest on unpaid rent, notice and cure periods, and the right to terminate oraccelerate rent upon default. The lease should also allow the landlord torecover all costs associated with enforcement, including attorney’s fees. Whereappropriate, consider requiring a personal guaranty or a larger securitydeposit to secure performance.

5. Failure to Control Use and EnsureZoning Compliance
Allowing overly broad or ambiguous use clauses can expose the landlord to codeviolations or undesirable business activities on the property. The lease shouldstate the permitted use with precision and prohibit any deviations without thelandlord’s express written consent. It should also place the burden on thetenant to confirm that their use complies with all applicable zoning laws andto obtain any necessary licenses or permits at their own expense.

Conclusion

Staying ahead in California’s fast-evolving real estate market requires understanding these legal trends. From housing reforms and tenant protections to sustainability mandates and wildfire mitigation, 2025 presents challenges and opportunities for property owners and investors alike. Engaging experienced legal counsel to navigate these complexities will be essential for success in the year ahead.

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